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The names of the days of the week in North Germanic languages were not calqued from Latin directly, but taken from the West Germanic names. Sunday: Old English Sunnandæg (pronounced [ˈsunnɑndæj]), meaning "sun's day". This is a translation of the Latin phrase diēs Sōlis.
The day of the week can be easily calculated given a date's Julian day number (JD, i.e. the integer value at noon UT): Adding one to the remainder after dividing the Julian day number by seven (JD modulo 7 + 1) yields that date's ISO 8601 day of the week. For example, the Julian day number of 10 February 2025 is 2460717.
For proper names, as for several other kinds of words and phrases, the details are complex, and vary sharply from language to language. For example, expressions for days of the week and months of the year are capitalized in English, but not in Spanish, French, Swedish, or Finnish, though they may be understood as proper names in all of these.
3 Examples for all standard English week day names. 4 Examples for all abbreviated English week day names. 5 Examples for all standard week day numbers.
Afrikaans; Alemannisch; Аԥсшәа; العربية; Aragonés; ܐܪܡܝܐ; Armãneashti; Arpetan; Asturianu; Azərbaycanca; বাংলা; Banjar; Башҡортса
Holiday names are usually pretty straightforward. New Year's, Thanksgiving and — perhaps least creatively, the 4th of July — all have origins that are fairly easy to figure out. But Black ...
German has many more weak nouns than English; for example, Bär (pl. Bären) "bear", Name (pl. Namen) "name", Held (pl. Helden) "hero". Some nouns such as the neuter noun Auge (pl. Augen) have a mixed inflection, being strong in the singular but having the characteristic -en plural ending of a weak noun.
In Week-day_names#Northern_Europe, it says about Saturday, that it's "the only day of the week to retain its Roman origin in English", whilst failing to mention that it is almost the only northern European language to do so. E.g. as one can see in the Saturday article, the Scandinavian names for Saturday mean bath-day and the German Samstag ...