Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The spinal canal may become narrowed due to abscesses, granulation tissue, or direct dural invasion resulting in compression of cord and neurological deficits. [3] Kyphosis is a result of the front of the spine collapsing. Injury to the thoracic spine are more likely to result in kyphosis compared to lumbar spine injuries. [3]
A spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a collection of pus or inflammatory granulation between the dura mater and the vertebral column. [1] Currently the annual incidence rate of SEAs is estimated to be 2.5–3 per 10,000 hospital admissions.
Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a condition that occurs when the bundle of nerves below the end of the spinal cord known as the cauda equina is damaged. [2] Signs and symptoms include low back pain, pain that radiates down the leg, numbness around the anus, and loss of bowel or bladder control. [1]
Risk factors for abscess formation include intravenous drug use. [20] Another possible risk factor is a prior history of disc herniation or other spinal abnormality, [21] though this has not been proven. Abscesses are caused by bacterial infection, parasites, or foreign substances.
The stratified squamous epithelium of the congenital dermal sinus tract can extend to the spinal fascia of the dura mater or all the way to the spinal cord. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Thus, the congenital dermal sinus forms a point of entry for infection, this can allow for the formation of an abscess , especially among children.
The presence of intracellular bacteria in chronic osteomyelitis is likely an unrecognized contributing factor in its persistence. [citation needed] In infants, the infection can spread to a joint and cause arthritis. In children, large subperiosteal abscesses can form because the periosteum is loosely attached to the surface of the bone. [13]
In advanced cases, the untreated infection will attack the nervous system through the spinal cord which runs parallel to the vertebral column, placing the patient at risk for paralysis of the extremities. Additionally, loss of the ability to move is a trademark symptom of neurologic problems in advanced cases of vertebral osteomyelitis.
Tarlov cysts are most commonly located in the S1 to S4/S5 region of the spinal canal, but can be found along any region of the spine.They usually form on the extradural components of sacrococcygeal nerve roots at the junction of dorsal root ganglion and posterior nerve roots and arise between the endoneurium and perineurium. [10]