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Ancient Roman relief showing a legionary. Antikensammlung, 2nd century AD. Physical training has been present in some human societies throughout history. Usually, people trained to prepare for physical competition or display, to improve physical, emotional and mental health, and to look attractive. [1]
Exercise physiology is the physiology of physical exercise. It is one of the allied health professions , and involves the study of the acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise. Exercise physiologists are the highest qualified exercise professionals and utilise education, lifestyle intervention and specific forms of exercise to ...
Edward Hitchcock, Jr., (1828–1911) Amherst College Professor of Hygiene and Physical Education, devoted his academic career to the scientific study of physical exercise, training, and the body. Coauthored 1860 text on exercise physiology. [10]
In 1963, Buskirk was hired by the Pennsylvania State University [2] where he spent the remaining three decades of his academic career.. The team of McCoy and Lawther made the first major move to greater academic and research respectability in 1963 when they hired Elsworth Buskirk, with a Ph.D. in physiology from the University of Minnesota.
Cooper studied the effect of exercise in the late 1960s and popularized the term "training effect" [13] although that term had been used before. [14] [15] The measured effects were that muscles of respiration were strengthened, the heart was strengthened, blood pressure was sometimes lowered and the total amount of blood and number of red blood cells increased, making the blood a more ...
Exercise physiology is "the identification of physiological mechanisms underlying physical activity, the comprehensive delivery of treatment services concerned with the analysis, improvement, and maintenance of health and fitness, rehabilitation of heart disease and other chronic diseases and/or disabilities, and the professional guidance and counsel of athletes and others interested in ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to exercise: Exercise – any bodily activity that enhances or log physical fitness and overall health and wellness. It is performed for various reasons including strengthening muscles and the cardiovascular system , honing athletic skills, weight loss or maintenance, as well ...
Aerobic exercise, also known as cardio, is physical exercise [1] of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. [2] " Aerobic" is defined as "relating to, involving, or requiring oxygen", [ 3 ] and refers to the use of oxygen to meet energy demands during exercise via aerobic metabolism adequately. [ 4 ]