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Different exposures and vulnerabilities to disease and injury determined by social, occupational, and physical environments and conditions, result in more or less vulnerability to poor health. [1] Social determinants of health have a huge impact on the lives of many individuals. It impacts their job likelihood, success, health, and future.
While cancer affects all populations, certain populations are disproportionally affected by the disease due to differences in risk factor exposures. People living in poverty are at an increased risk of cancer incidence and mortality, with annual death rates being 12% higher in countries living in poverty. [ 103 ]
For example, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, [2] followed closely by cancer, with the fifth most deadly being diabetes. The general risk factors associated with these diseases include obesity and poor diet, tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity, and access to medical care and health information. [3]
For example, various Global Burden of Disease Studies investigate such factors and quantify recent developments – one such systematic analysis analyzed the (non)progress on cancer and its causes during the 2010–19-decade, indicating that 2019, ~44% of all cancer deaths – or ~4.5 M deaths or ~105 million lost disability-adjusted life years ...
Drinking sugary soda regularly may increase the risk of cancer, as obesity is a known risk factor for various types of cancer. Additionally, the caramel coloring used in some sodas contains a ...
Malnutrition is a category of diseases that includes undernutrition and overnutrition. [14] Undernutrition is a lack of nutrients, which can result in stunted growth, wasting, and underweight. [15] A surplus of nutrients causes overnutrition, which can result in obesity or toxic levels of micronutrients.
Another factor that contributes to malnutrition is conflict. [33] Conflict can lead to uncertainty in resources, which puts them at a higher risk of malnutrition. [33] In addition, the areas in Africa with the highest rates of malnutrition also experience poverty which impact and limit the supply of food and necessary services. [33]
Betel nut chewing causes oral cancer. [9] Stomach cancer is more common in Japan due to its high-salt diet. [9] [11] Dietary recommendations for cancer prevention typically include weight management and eating a healthy diet, consisting mainly of "vegetables, fruit, whole grains and fish, and a reduced intake of red meat, animal fat, and ...