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People with type 1 diabetes mellitus who must take insulin in full replacement doses are most vulnerable to episodes of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels). This can occur if a person takes too much insulin or diabetic medication, does strenuous exercise without eating additional food, misses meals, consumes too much alcohol, or consumes alcohol without food. [5]
Consciousness can be altered or even lost in extreme cases, leading to coma, seizures, or even brain damage and death. In patients with diabetes, this may be caused by several factors, such as too much or incorrectly timed insulin, too much or incorrectly timed exercise (exercise decreases insulin requirements) or not enough food (specifically ...
Symptoms and effects can be mild, moderate or severe, depending on how low the glucose falls and a variety of other factors. It is rare but possible for diabetic hypoglycemia to result in brain damage or death. Indeed, an estimated 2–4% of deaths of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus have been attributed to hypoglycemia. [2] [3]
Brain damage of various types ranging from stroke-like focal effects to impaired memory and thinking can occur. Children who have prolonged or recurrent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in infancy can suffer harm to their brains and may be developmentally delayed.
Type 1 diabetes, previously called juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, so the body produces little or ...
Recent research findings offer new insights into the link between type 2 diabetes and brain-related health issues such as dementia and how a healthy lifestyle can help mitigate risks.
Neuroglycopenia is a shortage of glucose (glycopenia) in the brain, usually due to hypoglycemia. Glycopenia affects the function of neurons, and alters brain function and behavior. Prolonged or recurrent neuroglycopenia can result in loss of consciousness, damage to the brain, and eventual death. [1] [2] [3]
Diabetes no point <60 years: normal: no speech disturbance and no unilateral (one-sided) weakness <10 minutes: no diabetes 1 point ≥60 years: raised (≥140/90 mmHg) speech disturbance present but no unilateral weakness: 10–59 minutes: diabetes present 2 points – – unilateral weakness: ≥60 minutes –