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Because of its criticality, safety instrumented systems must be independent from all other control systems that control the same equipment, in order to ensure SIS functionality is not compromised. An SIS is composed of the same types of control elements (including sensors , logic solvers , actuators and other control equipment) as a Basic ...
An occupational safety management system (OSMS) is a management system designed to manage occupational safety and health risks in the workplace.If the system contains elements of management of longer-term health impacts and occupational disease, it may be referred to as a occupational safety and health management system (OSHMS) or occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS).
A high-integrity pressure protection system (HIPPS) is a type of safety instrumented system (SIS) designed to prevent over-pressurization of a plant, such as a chemical plant or oil refinery. The HIPPS will shut off the source of the high pressure before the design pressure of the system is exceeded, thus preventing loss of containment through ...
IEC 61511 provides good engineering practices for the application of safety instrumented systems in the process sector. In the United States ANSI/ISA 84.00.01-2004 was issued in September 2004. It primarily mirrors IEC 61511 in content with the exception that it contains a grandfathering clause:
Although functionally separate, process control and shutdown systems are usually interfaced under one system, called an integrated control and safety system (ICSS). Shutdown systems typically use equipment that is SIL 2 certified as a minimum, whereas control systems can start with SIL 1. SIL applies to both hardware and software requirements ...
Software safety (sometimes called software system safety) is an engineering discipline that aims to ensure that software, which is used in safety-related systems (i.e. safety-related software), does not contribute to any hazards such a system might pose. There are numerous standards that govern the way how safety-related software should be ...
The tolerable level of these risks is specified as a safety requirement in the form of a target 'probability of a dangerous failure' in a given period of time, stated as a discrete SIL. Certification schemes, such as the CASS Scheme (Conformity Assessment of Safety-related Systems) are used to establish whether a device meets a particular SIL. [4]
Examples [1] of safety-critical systems. From left to right, top to bottom: the glass cockpit of a C-141 , a pacemaker , the Space Shuttle and the control room of a nuclear power plant . A safety-critical system [ 2 ] or life-critical system is a system whose failure or malfunction may result in one (or more) of the following outcomes: [ 3 ] [ 4 ]