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Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air (1774–86) is a six-volume work published by 18th-century British polymath Joseph Priestley which reports a series of his experiments on "airs" or gases, most notably his discovery of the oxygen gas (which he called "dephlogisticated air"). [1]
Joseph Priestley was an important eighteenth-century natural philosopher (and educator and minister and political theorist and philosopher). Most notably, he discovered oxygen. Because Priestley made significant contributions in so many fields, it is difficult to write a succinct article on him; it is also difficult for one editor to write the ...
Priestley's son Joseph Priestley Jr. was a leading member of a consortium that had purchased 300,000 acres (120,000 ha) of virgin woodland between the forks of Loyalsock Creek. This they intended to lease or sell in 400-acre (160 ha) plots, with payment deferred to seven annual instalments, with interest. [176]
Joseph Priestley and Antoine Lavoisier discover a new gas called oxygen, discrediting the basic theory of chemistry at the time, creating the basis for the modern science of chemistry, and prompting chemists all over the world to look for more new elements; Humphry Davy introduces audiences to nitrous oxide ("laughing gas") and uses electricity to search for new chemical elements.
1771: Carl Scheele (1742–1786) makes "fire air" (oxygen) by heating magnesium oxide. His findings are published in June 1774. 1774: Joseph Priestley (1733–1804), credited with the discovery of oxygen, publishes his work on "dephlogisticated air" oxygen 3 months after a report by Carl Scheele.
This discovery overturned Lavoisier's definition of acids as compounds of oxygen. Davy was a popular lecturer and able experimenter. Davy was a popular lecturer and able experimenter. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac , who stated that the ratio between the volumes of the reactant gases and the products can be expressed in simple whole numbers
1755 – Joseph Black confirms that different gases exist. / Latent heat; 1766 – Henry Cavendish publishes in "On Factitious Airs" a description of "dephlogisticated air" by reacting zinc metal with hydrochloric acid and isolates a gas 7 to 11 times lighter than air. 1774 – Joseph Priestley isolates and categorizes oxygen.
Discovery of new elements beyond Curium by researchers at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California [34] Bowood House in Wiltshire, U.K., site of Joseph Priestley's discovery of oxygen in 1774 [35] Nucleic acid and protein chemistry at Rockefeller University [36] Wallace Carothers' research on polymers at DuPont between ...