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Complications after cataract surgery are relatively uncommon. Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) may occur but does not directly threaten vision. [23] Some people develop a posterior capsular opacification (PCO), also called an after-cataract. This may compromise visual acuity, and can usually be safely and painlessly corrected using a laser.
The primary causes include post-cataract surgery, certain medications, and, less commonly, neurological or ophthalmological conditions. Post-cataract surgery is a common cause, as replacing the natural lens with a synthetic one increases exposure to blue light, leading to temporary blue-tinted vision. This effect usually resolves as the eye adapts.
Cataract surgery and IOL implantation have the safest and highest success rates of any eye care-related procedures. As with any type of surgery, however, some level of risk remains. [7] Most complications of cataract surgery do not result in long-term visual impairment, but some severe complications can lead to irreversible blindness. [92]
What to expect after cataract surgery “Many patients notice significantly clearer vision within 24–48 hours, although full recovery can take a few weeks,” says Dello Russo.
Before surgery (natural crystalline lens, left). After surgery (implanted PCIOL, right). An anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL) Posterior chamber IOL (PCIOL). This is by far the most common type of implanted lens after cataract surgery, as this is the natural and optimum position for a lens. [citation needed] Anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL). A less ...
If this does not help, surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens is the only effective treatment. [1] Cataract surgery is not readily available in many countries, and surgery is needed only if the cataracts are causing problems and generally results in an improved quality of life. [1] [11] [4] [12]
Pupil dilation typically begins within 15 minutes and may last for 3–8 hours. [6] [7] After the pupil has been dilated, an ophthalmoscope can be used to examine the fundus. This allows for 15x magnification of the optic disc, also known as the optic nerve head, and retina to better evaluate for any ophthalmic pathology. [9]
Macular edema sometimes occurs for a few days or weeks (sometimes even much longer) after cataract surgery, but most such cases can be successfully treated with NSAID or cortisone eye drops. Prophylactic use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been reported to reduce the risk of macular edema to some extent. [10]