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  2. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-energy_X-ray...

    Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, or DEXA[ 1 ]) is a means of measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using spectral imaging. Two X-ray beams, with different energy levels, are aimed at the patient's bones. When soft tissue absorption is subtracted out, the bone mineral density (BMD) can be determined from the absorption of each beam by bone.

  3. Atherosclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis

    Atherosclerosis[ a ] is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis, [ 8 ] characterized by development of abnormalities called lesions in walls of arteries. This is a chronic inflammatory disease involving many different cell types, and driven by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. [ 9 ] These lesions may lead to narrowing of the ...

  4. Ehlers–Danlos syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehlers–Danlos_syndrome

    In general, people with this variant have skin that is soft, smooth, and velvety and bruises easily, and may have chronic muscle and/or bone pain. [5] It affects the skin less than other forms. It has no available genetic test. [17] hEDS is the most common of the 19 types of connective tissue disorders. Since no genetic test exists, providers ...

  5. Arteriosclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteriosclerosis

    Arteriosclerosis, literally meaning "hardening of the arteries", is an umbrella term for a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity [3] of the walls of arteries; [4] this process gradually restricts the blood flow to one's organs and tissues and can lead to severe health risks brought on by atherosclerosis, which is a specific form of ...

  6. Peripheral artery disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_artery_disease

    Peripheral artery disease most commonly affects the legs, but other arteries may also be involved, such as those of the arms, neck, or kidneys. [4][17] Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a form of peripheral vascular disease. Vascular refers to both the arteries and veins within the body. PAD differs from peripheral veinous disease.

  7. Femoroacetabular impingement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femoroacetabular_impingement

    The pelvic bone, also known as the innominate bone, is formed by three bones fused together: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. The musculature of the hip is divided into anterior hip muscles and posterior hip muscles. The major nerve supply that runs through the hip joint is the femoral nerve and the sciatic nerve. [16]

  8. Angiotensin-converting enzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme

    Angiotensin-converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1), or ACE, is a central component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), which controls blood pressure by regulating the volume of fluids in the body. It converts the hormone angiotensin I to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Therefore, ACE indirectly increases blood pressure by causing blood ...

  9. Hip fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_fracture

    A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip, particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [2] Usually the person cannot walk. [3] A hip fracture is usually a femoral neck fracture.

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