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Chaining is a type of intervention that aims to create associations between behaviors in a behavior chain. [1] A behavior chain is a sequence of behaviors that happen in a particular order where the outcome of the previous step in the chain serves as a signal to begin the next step in the chain.
ABA is an applied science devoted to developing procedures which will produce observable changes in behavior. [3] [9] It is to be distinguished from the experimental analysis of behavior, which focuses on basic experimental research, [10] but it uses principles developed by such research, in particular operant conditioning and classical conditioning.
Shaping is a conditioning paradigm used primarily in the experimental analysis of behavior. The method used is differential reinforcement of successive approximations . It was introduced by B. F. Skinner [ 1 ] with pigeons and extended to dogs, dolphins, humans and other species.
In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis , the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo.
Chaining is a technique used in applied behavior analysis to teach complex tasks by breaking them down into discrete responses or individual behaviors that are part of a task analysis. [1] With a backward chaining procedure the learning can happen in two ways. In one approach the adult can complete all the steps for the learner and give the ...
Some of the earliest ideas and mathematical descriptions on how physical processes and constraints affect biological growth, and hence natural patterns such as the spirals of phyllotaxis, were written by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson in his 1917 book On Growth and Form [2] [3] [note 1] and Alan Turing in his The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis (1952). [6]
For example, many thousands of actin molecules assemble into a microfilament. A protein usually undergoes reversible structural changes in performing its biological function. The alternative structures of the same protein are referred to as different conformations , and transitions between them are called conformational changes .
This course is designed for students who wish to pursue an interest in the life sciences. The College Board recommends successful completion of high school biology and high school chemistry [2] before commencing AP Biology, although the actual prerequisites vary from school to school and from state to state.