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  2. Backpropagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation

    Backpropagation computes the gradient of a loss function with respect to the weights of the network for a single input–output example, and does so efficiently, computing the gradient one layer at a time, iterating backward from the last layer to avoid redundant calculations of intermediate terms in the chain rule; this can be derived through ...

  3. Backpropagation through time - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation_through_time

    Then, the backpropagation algorithm is used to find the gradient of the loss function with respect to all the network parameters. Consider an example of a neural network that contains a recurrent layer and a feedforward layer . There are different ways to define the training cost, but the aggregated cost is always the average of the costs of ...

  4. Data architecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_architecture

    A data architecture aims to set data standards for all its data systems as a vision or a model of the eventual interactions between those data systems. Data integration , for example, should be dependent upon data architecture standards since data integration requires data interactions between two or more data systems.

  5. Delta rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_rule

    Backpropagation; Rescorla–Wagner model – the origin of delta rule; ... It can be derived as the backpropagation algorithm for a single-layer neural network with ...

  6. Vanishing gradient problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanishing_gradient_problem

    Each new layer guarantees an increase on the lower-bound of the log likelihood of the data, thus improving the model, if trained properly. Once sufficiently many layers have been learned the deep architecture may be used as a generative model by reproducing the data when sampling down the model (an "ancestral pass") from the top level feature ...

  7. Bidirectional recurrent neural networks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidirectional_recurrent...

    For example, multilayer perceptron (MLPs) and time delay neural network (TDNNs) have limitations on the input data flexibility, as they require their input data to be fixed. Standard recurrent neural network (RNNs) also have restrictions as the future input information cannot be reached from the current state.

  8. Time delay neural network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_delay_neural_network

    Time delay neural network (TDNN) [1] is a multilayer artificial neural network architecture whose purpose is to 1) classify patterns with shift-invariance, and 2) model context at each layer of the network. Shift-invariant classification means that the classifier does not require explicit segmentation prior to classification.

  9. Database model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_model

    Database model for MediaWiki 1.28.0 (2017) Different types of database models. A database model is a type of data model that determines the logical structure of a database. It fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model, which uses a ...