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Theodore Gilman (January 2, 1841 – August 9, 1930) was a New York banker, Progressive reformer, and early advocate for stabilizing the U.S. financial system with an idea that was a precursor to the Federal Reserve System. He spent most of his life in New York City as head of Gilman, Son and Company bank.
The Panic of 1930 was a financial crisis that occurred in the United States which led to a severe decline in the money supply during a period of declining economic activity. A series of bank failures from agricultural areas during this time period sparked panic among depositors which led to widespread bank runs across the country.
The failure of one bank might shift losses and withdrawal demands to others and spread into a panic. During the Panics of 1893 and 1907, many banks [note 1] filed bankruptcy due to bank runs. Both of the panics renewed discussion on deposit insurance.
The Great Depression: America in the 1930s. (2009) online; popular history. Wecter, Dixon. The Age of the Great Depression, 1929–1941 (1948), scholarly social history online; Wicker, Elmus. The Banking Panics of the Great Depression (1996) White, Eugene N. "The Stock Market Boom and Crash of 1929 Revisited".
The bank panic of 1933 is the setting of Archibald MacLeish's 1935 play, Panic. Motion picture depictions of bank runs include those in American Madness (1932), It's a Wonderful Life (1946, set in 1932), Silver River (1948), Mary Poppins (1964, set in 1910 London), Rollover (1981), Noble House (1988) and The Pope Must Die (1991).
Panic of 1857, a U.S. recession with bank failures; Panic of 1866, Europe; Panic of 1873, a U.S. recession with bank failures, followed by a 4-year depression; Panic of 1884, United States and Europe; Panic of 1890, mainly affecting the United Kingdom and Argentina; Panic of 1893, a U.S. recession with bank failures; Australian banking crisis ...
An event in which bank runs are widespread is called a systemic banking crisis or banking panic. [5] Examples of bank runs include the run on the Bank of the United States in 1931 and the run on Northern Rock in 2007. [6] Banking crises generally occur after periods of risky lending and resulting loan defaults.
A member of Barker–Karpis Gang and later sent to Alcatraz, Fitzgerald was one of its oldest inmates. [5] Jake Fleagle: No image available: 1890–1930 Fleagle was a member of the Fleagle gang, who achieved notoriety by being the first case that was solved in which a single fingerprint was part of the evidence that led to a conviction. [2] [5]