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Panic of 1857, a U.S. recession with bank failures; Panic of 1866, Europe; Panic of 1873, a U.S. recession with bank failures, followed by a 4-year depression; Panic of 1884, United States and Europe; Panic of 1890, mainly affecting the United Kingdom and Argentina; Panic of 1893, a U.S. recession with bank failures; Australian banking crisis ...
The Panic of 1930 was a financial crisis that occurred in the United States which led to a severe decline in the money supply during a period of declining economic activity. A series of bank failures from agricultural areas during this time period sparked panic among depositors which led to widespread bank runs across the country.
Although the nation's economy was strong, there was no safeguard from bank runs, much less the national panics and subsequent recessions that occurred throughout the 19th century, with the worst taking place in 1837, 1873, and 1893. [9] During the Panic of 1873, cartoonist Frank Bellew portrayed Panic sweeping the garbage out of Wall Street.
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The Panic of 1819: The First Great Depression (2019) Comprehensive scholarly history of the era in the United States; excerpt; Bruner, Robert F.; Carr, Sean D. (2007), The Panic of 1907: Lessons Learned from the Market's Perfect Storm, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-0-470-15263-8
An event in which bank runs are widespread is called a systemic banking crisis or banking panic. [5] Examples of bank runs include the run on the Bank of the United States in 1931 and the run on Northern Rock in 2007. [6] Banking crises generally occur after periods of risky lending and resulting loan defaults.
An increasing number of bank failures in late-1930 interrupted the process of credit creation and reduced the money supply, harming consumption. After a second round of banking panics in mid-1931, there was a major change in people's expectations about the future of the economy. [2]
The bank panic of 1933 is the setting of Archibald MacLeish's 1935 play, Panic. Motion picture depictions of bank runs include those in American Madness (1932), It's a Wonderful Life (1946, set in 1932), Silver River (1948), Mary Poppins (1964, set in 1910 London), Rollover (1981), Noble House (1988) and The Pope Must Die (1991).