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The beta-blocker propranalol's effectiveness in headache treatment was a chance finding in patients receiving the drug for angina (chest pain due to a lack of blood to the heart muscle). The beta-blockers that are used in migraine treatment are propranolol, nadolol, timolol, metoprolol, and atenolol.
Beta blockers have been deemed effective options for the prevention of migraines. In particular, metoprolol, timolol and propranolol have the most strength of efficacy. [9] The timeframe to effectiveness in generally within 3 months. [9] Patients with cardiovascular risk factors should avoid the use of beta blockers for migraine prevention. [9]
Rescue treatment involves acute symptomatic control with medication. [4] Recommendations for rescue therapy of migraine include: (1) migraine-specific agents such as triptans, CGRP antagonists, or ditans for patients with severe headaches or for headaches that respond poorly to analgesics, (2) non-oral (typically nasal or injection) route of administration for patients with vomiting, (3) avoid ...
Eptinezumab, sold under the brand name Vyepti, is a medication used for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. [6] It is a monoclonal antibody that targets calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP) alpha and beta. [6] [8] It is administered by intravenous infusion. [6]
Rimegepant, sold under the brand name Nurtec ODT among others, is a medication used for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults and the prophylactic/ preventive treatment of episodic migraine in adults. [8] [10] It is taken by mouth to dissolve on or under the tongue. [8] It works by blocking CGRP receptors. [11]
Nadolol is used to treat hypertension and for long-term treatment of angina pectoris and is approved by the FDA for these purposes. [8]It is regularly used off-label [8] for control of heart rate in people with atrial fibrillation, [9] prevention of migraine headaches; [10] prevention of bleeding veins in people with portal hypertension caused by cirrhosis; [4] and to treat people with high ...
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