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A virtual local area network (VLAN) is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In this context, virtual refers to a physical object recreated and altered by additional logic, within the local area network .
IEEE 802.1Q, often referred to as Dot1q, is the networking standard that supports virtual local area networking (VLANs) on an IEEE 802.3 Ethernet network. The standard defines a system of VLAN tagging for Ethernet frames and the accompanying procedures to be used by bridges and switches in handling such frames.
While private VLANs provide isolation between peers at the data link layer, communication at higher layers may still be possible depending on further network configuration. A typical application for a private VLAN is a hotel or Ethernet to the home network where each room or apartment has a port for Internet access .
Networks that utilise router on a stick benefit from only requiring one LAN connection to be used for multiple VLANs, i.e. the number of VLANs are not limited by the number of LAN ports available. Separation of network connections do not respond to the physical location of the ports on the router.
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that propagates the definition of Virtual Local Area Networks on the whole local area network. [1] To do this, VTP carries VLAN information to all the switches in a VTP domain. VTP advertisements can be sent over 802.1Q, and ISL trunks.
Trunking in telecommunication originated in telegraphy, and later in telephone systems where a trunk line is a communications channel between telephone exchanges. Other applications include the trunked radio systems commonly used by police agencies. [1] In the form of link aggregation and VLAN tagging, trunking has been applied in computer ...
Each instance defines a single forwarding topology for an exclusive set of VLANs, by contrast, STP or RSTP networks contains only a single spanning tree instance for the entire network, which contains all the VLANs. A region can include: [1] Internal Spanning-Tree Instance (IST): Default spanning tree instance in any MST region.
Cisco Inter-Switch Link (ISL) is a Cisco proprietary link layer protocol that maintains VLAN information in Ethernet frames as traffic flows between switches and routers, or switches and switches. [1] ISL is Cisco's VLAN encapsulation protocol and is supported only on some Cisco equipment over the Fast and Gigabit Ethernet links.