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  2. Timeline of the history of Islam (12th century) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_history_of...

    1108: Death of the Zirid dynasty ruler Tamin, accession of Yahya of Zirid. 1111: Persian Islamic jurist and philosopher Al-Ghazali dies. 1116: Death of the Rum Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah; accession of Mas'ud of Rüm. 1118: Death of the Seljuk Sultan Muhammad; accession of Mahmud II of Great Seljuk.

  3. List of Muslim states and dynasties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Muslim_states_and...

    This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day. [citation needed]

  4. Almohad Caliphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almohad_Caliphate

    'those who profess the unity of God' [8] [9]) or Almohad Empire was a North African Berber Muslim empire founded in the 12th century. At its height, it controlled much of the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa (the Maghreb). [10] [11] [12]

  5. Abbasid Caliphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate

    Folio from an 8th-9th century Qur'an, Abbasid dynasty. The earliest style of calligraphy used for Abbasid Qur'ans was known as the Kufic script—a script distinguished by precise, angular letters, generous spacing, horizontal extension of letters at the baseline and an emphasis on geometric proportion. [152]

  6. Kingdom of Jerusalem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem

    Arab-Andalusian geographer and traveller Ibn Jubayr, who was hostile to the Franks, described the Muslims living under the Christian crusaders' Kingdom of Jerusalem in the late 12th-century: We left Tibnin by a road running past farms where Muslims live who do very well under the Franks-may Allah preserve us from such a temptation!

  7. Why Is a 12th Century Muslim Jurist Depicted in a 16th ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/why-12th-century-muslim-jurist...

    The answer is Averroes was also a philosopher (known as The Commentator) whose commentaries on Aristotle translated into Hebrew and Latin in the 13th century first exposed western Europe to ...

  8. Burid dynasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burid_dynasty

    The Burid dynasty (Arabic: الدولة البورية Romanized: Al-Dawla al-Buria) or the Emirate of Damascus (Arabic: إمارة دمشق Romanized: Imarat Dimashq) was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin which ruled over the Emirate of Damascus in the early 12th century, as subjects of the Seljuk Empire.

  9. Fatimid Caliphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatimid_Caliphate

    The Fatimid dynasty claimed descent from Fatimah, the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.The dynasty legitimized its claim through descent from Muhammad by way of his daughter and her husband Ali, the first Shī'a Imām, hence the dynasty's name, fāṭimiyy (Arabic: فَاطِمِيّ), the Arabic relative adjective for "Fāṭima".