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While Geranium species are mostly temperate herbaceous plants, dying down in winter, Pelargonium species are evergreen perennials indigenous to warm temperate and tropical regions of the world, with many species in southern Africa. They are drought and heat tolerant but can tolerate only minor frosts.
If grown as a perennial it requires protection in winter, as it does not tolerate temperatures below 5 °C (41 °F). It needs a sunny, sheltered position. A 2013 Cochrane review found limited to no evidence of benefit with Pelargonium sidoides root extract for the symptoms of acute bronchitis, the common cold and acute rhinosinusitis. [4]
H1a, higher than 15 °C (59 °F), applies to tropical plants permanently under glass in heat; while H7, below −20 °C (−4 °F), applies to very cold-tolerant plants such as heathers. Most outdoor plants in the UK fall within the range H4, −10 to −5 °C (14 to 23 °F) (hardy in the average winter) to H5, −15 to −10 °C (5 to 14 °F ...
The ability to control intercellular ice formation during freezing is critical to the survival of freeze-tolerant plants. [3] If intracellular ice forms, it could be lethal to the plant when adhesion between cellular membranes and walls occur. The process of freezing tolerance through cold acclimation is a two-stage mechanism: [4]
Geranium palmatum, falsely called Canary Island geranium, is a species of flowering plant in the family Geraniaceae, native to the island of Madeira.Growing in a rosette 1.5 m (4.9 ft) tall by 1 m (3.3 ft) broad, it is an evergreen perennial with divided palmate leaves and pink flowers 4 cm (1.6 in) in diameter on long red stems.
Geranium potentilloides grows upwards and sideways to a height between 15-60cm, and can take root from the leaf nodes to form extensive clumps. [4] The leaves of Geranium potentilloides are dark green [8] or greyish-green [4] in colour with a indented glossy surface. [8] [9] The underside of the leaves is often purplish. [9]
Geranium viscosissimum is a large, clumped 0.5–3 feet (0.15–0.91 m) tall perennial wild geranium. The stem, leaves, and flower stalks are covered with sticky hairs. [ 4 ] The right-green leaves are dissected, many-toothed, and deeply-lobed.
Geranium maculatum, the wild geranium, spotted geranium, or wood geranium, is a perennial plant native to woodland in eastern North America, from southern Manitoba and southwestern Quebec south to Alabama and Georgia and west to Oklahoma and South Dakota.