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The system treats every signal( ) to wake one thread as a broadcast( ) to wake all of them, thus breaking any possibly expected 1:1 relationship between signals and wakeup. [1] If ten threads are waiting, only one will win and the other nine will experience spurious wakeup.
In computer science and software engineering, busy-waiting, busy-looping or spinning is a technique in which a process repeatedly checks to see if a condition is true, such as whether keyboard input or a lock is available.
A phantom reference is a kind of reference in Java, where the memory can be reclaimed.The phantom reference is one of the strengths or levels of 'non strong' reference defined in the Java programming language; the others being weak and soft. [1]
Async methods usually return either void, Task, Task<T>, [13]: 35 [16]: 546–547 [1]: 22, 182 ValueTask or ValueTask<T>. [13]: 651–652 [1]: 182–184 User code can define custom types that async methods can return through custom async method builders but this is an advanced and rare scenario. [17]
This is the motivation for the second readers–writers problem, in which the constraint is added that no writer, once added to the queue, shall be kept waiting longer than absolutely necessary. This is also called writers-preference .
Tomasulo's algorithm is a computer architecture hardware algorithm for dynamic scheduling of instructions that allows out-of-order execution and enables more efficient use of multiple execution units.
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Some second-level CPU caches run slower than the processor core. When the processor needs to access external memory, it starts placing the address of the requested information on the address bus. It then must wait for the answer, that may come back tens if not hundreds of cycles later. Each of the cycles spent waiting is called a wait state.