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Second Opium War: British and French troops entered the Forbidden City in Beijing. 1866: 31 May: French intervention in Mexico: French troops start withdrawing from the country. 1870–1940: Third Republic: 1871: 10 May: The end of the Franco-Prussian War: France's loss marked the downfall of Napoleon III and led to the end of the Second French ...
France has a long history of innovation and scientific discovery, contributing to various fields such as physics, mathematics, engineering, medicine, and the arts. French inventors and scientists have pioneered breakthroughs that shaped the modern world, from the development of photography and the metric system to advancements in aviation, nuclear physics, and immunology.
The most important of these conquests for French history was the Norman Conquest by William the Conqueror. [17] An important part of the French aristocracy also involved itself in the crusades, and French knights founded and ruled the Crusader states. The French were also active in the Iberian Reconquista to Rechristianize Muslim Spain and ...
That would be compounded by the massive French losses of World War I, roughly estimated at 1.4 million French dead including civilians (or nearly 10% of the active adult male population) and four times as many wounded — and World War II, estimated at 593,000 French dead (one-and-a-half times the number of American dead), of which 470,000 were ...
العربية; Azərbaycanca; বাংলা; Беларуская; Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Български; Bosanski; Чӑвашла
French fairy tales are particularly known by their literary rather than their folk, oral variants. Perrault derived almost all his tales from folk sources, but rewrote them for the upper-class audience, removing rustic elements. The précieuses rewrote them even more extensively for their own interests. [1]
For example, female smugglers would often stuff salt into their dresses. Smugglers also trained dogs to carry salt, though no records exist on their prevalence or incarceration rates. [5] In addition, many smuggling bands formed; French authorities were aware of at least 38 large smuggling bands in the second half of the eighteenth century. [6]
Maurice Agulhon (1926–2014), French history of the 19th and 20th centuries [26] Henri Amouroux (1920–2007), Nazi occupation of France [1] Philippe Ariès (1914–1984), cultural history, with focus on the changing nature of childhood, and attitudes toward death [1] [27]