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  2. Bacterial translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_translation

    Initiation of translation in bacteria involves the assembly of the components of the translation system, which are: the two ribosomal subunits (50S and 30S subunits); the mature mRNA to be translated; the tRNA charged with N-formylmethionine (the first amino acid in the nascent peptide); guanosine triphosphate (GTP) as a source of energy, and the three prokaryotic initiation factors IF1, IF2 ...

  3. Cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

    A drawing of a prokaryotic cell. There are two fundamental classifications of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are distinguished from eukaryotic cells by the absence of a cell nucleus or other membrane-bound organelle. [10] Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells, making them the smallest form of life. [11]

  4. Transcription-translation coupling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription-translation...

    Degradation of prokaryotic mRNAs is accelerated by loss of coupled translation due to increased availability of target sites of RNase E. [6] It has also been suggested that coupling of transcription with translation is an important mechanism of preventing formation of deleterious R-loops . [ 7 ]

  5. Eukaryotic translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_translation

    Translation is one of the key energy consumers in cells, hence it is strictly regulated. Numerous mechanisms have evolved that control and regulate translation in eukaryotes as well as prokaryotes. Regulation of translation can impact the global rate of protein synthesis which is closely coupled to the metabolic and proliferative state of a cell.

  6. Translational regulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translational_regulation

    Due to the fact that translation elongation is an irreversible process, there are few known mechanisms of its regulation. However, it has been shown that translational efficiency is reduced via diminished tRNA pools, which are required for the elongation of polypeptides.

  7. Translation (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_(biology)

    In prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), translation occurs in the cytosol, where the large and small subunits of the ribosome bind to the mRNA. In eukaryotes , translation occurs in the cytoplasm or across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum through a process called co-translational translocation .

  8. Prokaryotic translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokaryotic_translation

    Prokaryotic translation may refer to: Bacterial translation, the process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in bacteria; Archaeal translation, the ...

  9. Bioecological model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioecological_model

    The development of ecological systems theory arose because Bronfenbrenner noted a lack of focus on the role of context in terms of development. He argued the environment in which children operate is important because development may be shaped by their interactions with the specific environment.