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  2. BRAF (gene) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRAF_(gene)

    B-Raf is a 766-amino acid, regulated signal transduction serine/threonine-specific protein kinase.Broadly speaking, it is composed of three conserved domains characteristic of the Raf kinase family: conserved region 1 (CR1), a Ras-GTP-binding [11] self-regulatory domain, conserved region 2 (CR2), a serine-rich hinge region, and conserved region 3 (CR3), a catalytic protein kinase domain that ...

  3. V600E - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V600E

    V600E is a mutation of the BRAF gene in which valine (V) is substituted by glutamic acid (E) at amino acid 600. [1] [2] It is a driver mutation in a proportion of certain diagnoses, including melanoma, [3] [4] hairy cell leukemia, [5] [6] papillary thyroid carcinoma, [7] [8] colorectal cancer, [9] non-small-cell lung cancer, [10] [11] Langerhans cell histiocytosis, [12] Erdheim–Chester ...

  4. Langerhans cell histiocytosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langerhans_cell_histiocytosis

    An activating somatic mutation of a proto-oncogene in the Raf family, the BRAF gene, was detected in 35 of 61 (57%) LCH biopsy samples with mutations being more common in patients younger than 10 years (76%) than in patients aged 10 years and older (44%). [31] This study documented the first recurrent mutation in LCH samples.

  5. Papillary thyroid cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papillary_thyroid_cancer

    After performing a multivariate analysis, it was found that the absence of tumor capsule was the only parameter associated (P=0.0005) with BRAF V600E mutation. [5] According to recent studies, papillary cancers carrying the common V600E mutation tend to have a more aggressive long-term course.

  6. Vemurafenib - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vemurafenib

    Vemurafenib only works in melanoma patients whose cancer has a V600E BRAF mutation (that is, at amino acid position number 600 on the B-Raf protein, the normal valine is replaced by glutamic acid). [4] About 60% of melanomas have this mutation. It also has efficacy against the rarer V600K BRAF (the normal valine is replaced by lysine) mutation ...

  7. Melanoma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoma

    In June 2018, the FDA approved the combination of a BRAF inhibitor encorafenib and a MEK inhibitor binimetinib for the treatment of un-resectable or metastatic melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation. [186] Eventual resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors may be due to a cell surface protein known as EphA2 which is now being investigated. [187]

  8. MEK inhibitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MEK_inhibitor

    Cobimetinib or XL518, approved by US FDA in Nov 2015 for use in combination with vemurafenib (Zelboraf(R)), for treatment of advanced melanoma with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation. Selumetinib , had a phase 2 clinical trial for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which demonstrated an improvement in PFS, [ 5 ] and is now in phase III development ...

  9. Ovarian cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovarian_cancer

    Mutations found in ovarian cancer subtypes [28] [31] [55] Gene mutated Mutation type Subtype Prevalence AKT1: amplification 3% AKT2: amplification/mutation 6%, [28] 20% [55] ARID1A: point mutation endometrioid and clear-cell BECN1: deletion BRAF: point mutation low-grade serous 0.5% BRCA1: nonsense mutation high-grade serous 5% BRCA2 ...

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