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According to the 2021 United Kingdom census, Sikhs in England and Wales enumerated 524,140, or 0.9% of the population [62] Northern Ireland recorded a population of 389, or 0.02% of the population. [49] The equivalent census was recorded a year later in Scotland with a population of 10,988, making up 0.2% of the population. [50]
English Sikhs number over 520,000 people and account for 0.9% of England's population in 2021, forming the country's fourth-largest religious group. In 2006 there were 352 gurdwaras in England. [1] The largest Sikh populations in the U.K. are in the West Midlands and Greater London. Nagar Kirtan Convoy in Barking, London.
Many countries, such as Canada and the United Kingdom, recognize Sikhs as a designated religion on their censuses [95] and, as of 2020, Sikhs are considered as a separate ethnic group in the United States. [96] The UK also considers Sikhs to be an ethno-religious people, as a direct result of the Mandla v Dowell-Lee case in 1982. [97] [98]
At 93.33% Sikh, Tarn Taran is the world's most Sikh district or county. [37] Located in the heart of the Majha region of Punjab founded by Guru Arjan Dev - the 5th Sikh guru, [ 38 ] Tarn Taran also hosts the world's largest sarovar (sacred pool) [ 39 ] even surpassing the great Darbar Sahib - Golden Temple in the neighbouring Amritsar district.
The first Sikhs came from Hindu and Muslim backgrounds from the Punjab region. [1] Following 20th century, the growth of the Sikh diaspora enabled the spread of Sikhism, thus allowing for more people to similarly embrace the faith.
Between the First and Second World War, the Bhatra Sikhs migrated to Britain. They settled mostly in Bristol, Cardiff, Glasgow, Liverpool, London, Portsmouth, Southampton and Swansea with small populations of theirs also settling in Birmingham, Edinburgh, Manchester and Nottingham. [11] They also settled in Belfast, Northern Ireland. [2]
The establishment of the Sikh Empire in 1799 is commonly considered the zenith of Sikhism in the political sphere, [17] during its existence (from 1799 to 1849) the Sikh Empire came to include Kashmir, Ladakh, and Peshawar. A number of Hindu and Muslim peasants converted to Sikhism. [18]
Sri Chand, Guru Nanak's son was also a religious man, and continued his own commune of Sikhs. His followers came to be known as the Udasi Sikhs, the first parallel sect of Sikhism that formed in Sikh history. [199] The Udasis believe that the Guruship should have gone to Sri Chand, since he was a man of pious habits in addition to being Nanak's ...