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  2. Vertebral compression fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_compression_fracture

    A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra. It may be due to trauma or due to a weakening of the vertebra (compare with burst fracture ). This weakening is seen in patients with osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperfecta , lytic lesions from metastatic or primary tumors , [ 1 ] or infection. [ 2 ]

  3. Cauda equina syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauda_equina_syndrome

    The nerve roots from L4–S4 join in the sacral plexus which affects the sciatic nerve, which travels caudally (toward the feet). Compression, trauma or other damage to this region of the spinal canal can result in cauda equina syndrome. [citation needed] The symptoms may also appear as a temporary side-effect of a sacral extra-dural injection. [9]

  4. Spinal cord compression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord_compression

    Spinal cord compression is a form of myelopathy in which the spinal cord is compressed. Causes can be bone fragments from a vertebral fracture, a tumor , abscess , ruptured intervertebral disc or other lesion.

  5. Sciatica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciatica

    Others use the term as a diagnosis (i.e. an indication of cause and effect) for nerve dysfunction caused by compression of one or more lumbar or sacral nerve roots from a spinal disc herniation. [4] Pain typically occurs in the distribution of a dermatome and goes below the knee to the foot.

  6. Tarlov cyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarlov_cyst

    Tarlov cysts are most commonly located in the S1 to S4/S5 region of the spinal canal, but can be found along any region of the spine.They usually form on the extradural components of sacrococcygeal nerve roots at the junction of dorsal root ganglion and posterior nerve roots and arise between the endoneurium and perineurium. [10]

  7. Congenital vertebral anomaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_vertebral_anomaly

    Neurologic signs result from severe angulation of the spine, narrowing of the spinal canal, instability of the spine, and luxation or fracture of the vertebrae. Signs include rear limb weakness or paralysis, urinary or fecal incontinence, and spinal pain. [5] Most cases of hemivertebrae have no or mild symptoms, so treatment is usually ...

  8. Spinal fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_fracture

    Burst fracture – in which a vertebra breaks from a high-energy axial load; Compression fracture – a collapse of a vertebra, often resulting in the form of a wedge-shape due to larger compression anteriorly; Chance fracturecompression injury to the anterior portion of a vertebral body with concomitant distraction injury to posterior ...

  9. Spondylolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolysis

    Sports involving repetitive or forceful hyperextension of the spine, especially when combined with rotation are the main mechanism of injury for spondylolysis. The stress fracture of the pars interarticularis occurs on the side opposite to activity. For instance, for a right-handed player, the fracture occurs on the left side of the vertebrae. [5]