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Year of discovery Name of the drug Year when the synthesis mechanism was developed Year that was Patented Governmental approval Patented expired 1901: Adrenaline: Jōkichi Takamine, 1901: 1901: 1901: N/A (Natural Hormone) 1906: Oxytocin: Discovered by Henry Hallett Dale, synthesized by Vincent du Vigneaud in 1952: 1925: 1926: N/A (Natural ...
Hyperphosphatemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is an elevated level of phosphate in the blood. [1] Most people have no symptoms while others develop calcium deposits in the soft tissue. [1] The disorder is often accompanied by low calcium blood levels, which can result in muscle spasms. [1]
For comparison, those with a V d L/kg body weight of less than 0.2 are mainly distributed in blood plasma, 0.2-0.7 mostly in the extracellular fluid and those with more than 0.7 are distributed throughout total body water.
Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names. See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs , ranked by sales.
The second is low total body water with normal body sodium. This can be caused by diabetes insipidus, renal disease, hypothalamic dysfunction, sickle cell disease, and certain drugs. [3] The third is increased total body sodium which is caused by increased ingestion, Conn's syndrome, or Cushing's syndrome. [3]
Still, the blood values are approximately equal between the arterial and venous sides for most substances, with the exception of acid–base, blood gases and drugs (used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assays). [6] Arterial levels for drugs are generally higher than venous levels because of extraction while passing through tissues. [6]
Bisphosphonates are popular drugs for treatment of osteoporosis. [1] Clodronic acid is a bisphosphonate used as a drug to treat osteoporosis. In biochemistry and medicinal chemistry, phosphonate groups are used as stable bioisosteres for phosphate, such as in the antiviral nucleotide analog, Tenofovir, one of the cornerstones of anti-HIV therapy.
Toxic in some forms; pure phosphorus is poisonous to humans. [11] platinum: 78: 2c: Has no known biological role, but it is a component of the drug cisplatin, which is highly effective in treating some forms of cancer. [11] Toxic in some forms. Contact can promote an allergic reaction in humans. [11] plutonium: 94: 1bc