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Ngāi Tahu, or Kāi Tahu, is the principal Māori iwi (tribe) of the South Island.Its takiwā (tribal area) is the largest in New Zealand, and extends from the White Bluffs / Te Parinui o Whiti (southeast of Blenheim), Mount Mahanga and Kahurangi Point in the north to Stewart Island / Rakiura in the south.
Consequently, Te Runanga Nui o Nga Kura Kaupapa Māori o Aotearoa, commonly known as Te Runanga Nui, was established in 1993 at Kawhaiki marae on the Whanganui river. At the hui Pita Sharples became the inaugural Tumuaki (president) of Te Runanga Nui. Te Runanga Nui is the national collective body of kura kaupapa Māori Te Aho Matua communities.
Ngāpuhi, like most iwi, trace their pre-history back to the land of Hawaiki, most likely from Raiatea.The name Ngāpuhi has many stories about its origin, [a] but the most commonly known version is related to a story of an ariki in Hawaiki who lived many generations before Kupe, known as Kareroaiki.
Rūnanga as a broad definition can be seen as the way groups make or attempt to make decisions. Māori groups and councils debate and discuss issues in a vast array of different ways which, while informed by the past, have changed greatly over the last century.
Te Rūnanga o te Whānau represents Te Whānau a Apanui during resource consent applications under the Resource Management Act, but forwards each application on to the directly affected hapū. It is based on Te Kaha , and governed by representatives from at least ten hapū.
The land is currently subject to dispute, with the local Māori group, Te Whanau o Tieke, claiming that the land was confiscated illegally. The site is currently co-managed between the Department of Conservation and Te Whanau o Tieke. [15] [16] The site is open to the public, and available to be booked year round. [13]
The name Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu translates roughly as "the summit where Tamatea, the man with the big knees, the slider, climber of mountains, the land-swallower who travelled about, played his kōauau (flute) to his loved one". [3]
Rongopai is a great painted wharenui (meeting house) built at Waituhi for Te Kooti in 1887 by the Whānau-a-Kair hapū of the Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki iwi. Local leader and politician Wi Pere was part of the process in creating the wharenui. [3] Rongopai has paintings rather than carvings and is significant to Māori art because of this.