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Disfavor ran rampant against the state of radio in the 1930s and 1940s. Chief among the complaints: the vulgarity of radio commercials and overcommercialization, the erosion of so-called "sustaining (non-commercial) programs", the influence of advertisers to shape news coverage, and the lax performance of broadcasters to abide by their original obligations towards public service. [5]
The Television Code rules were interpreted, monitored, and enforced by the code authority director, who was appointed by the President of the NAB. The Code Authority interpreted the code by providing advice, publishing guidelines and amendments to clarify code provisions, and issuing rulings on specific programs or commercials, although most ...
In the US, broadcasting falls under the jurisdiction of the Federal Communications Commission.. Some of the more notable aspects of broadcast law involve: frequency allocation: The division of the spectrum into unlicensed frequency bands -- ISM band and U-NII—and licensed frequency bands -- television channel frequencies, FM broadcast band, amateur radio frequency allocations, etc.
The broadcast of educational children's programming by terrestrial television stations in the United States is mandated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), under regulations colloquially referred to as the Children's Television Act (CTA), the E/I rules, or the Kid Vid rules.
Many countries in Europe and Japan have implemented publicly funded media with public service obligations in order to meet the needs that are not satisfied by free commercial media. [11] [12] [13] However, the public service media are under increasing pressure due to competition from commercial media, [14] as well as political pressure. [15]
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Public broadcasting (or public service broadcasting) involves radio, television, and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service.Public broadcasters receive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individual contributions, public financing, and commercial financing, and claim to avoid both political interference and commercial influence.
Ta-Nehisi Coates and Mary Wood, a teacher at Chapin High School, speak with Wood’s supporters before a meeting of the Lexington-Richland 5 school board on Monday, July 17, 2023.