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The possibility of using microorganisms in biomining applications was realized after the 1951 paper by Kenneth Temple and Arthur Colmer. [9] In the paper the authors presented evidence that the bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (basonym Thiobacillus ferrooxidans) is an iron oxidizer that thrive in iron, copper and magnesium-rich environments. [9]
Freiburg Miner wearing a Mooskappe, stained glass window, 1330. A miner is a person who extracts ore, coal, chalk, clay, or other minerals from the earth through mining. There are two senses in which the term is used. In its narrowest sense, a miner is someone who works at the rock face; cutting, blasting, or otherwise working and removing the ...
A cheat sheet (also cheatsheet) or crib sheet is a concise set of notes used for quick reference. Cheat sheets were historically used by students without an instructor or teacher's knowledge to cheat on a test or exam. [1] In the context of higher education or vocational training, where rote memorization is not as important, students may be ...
Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, and final reclamation or restoration of the land after the mine is closed. [2] Mining materials are often obtained from ore bodies, lodes, veins, seams, reefs, or placer deposits.
Miner, Australian birds of the genus Manorina in the honeyeater family Miner, South American birds of the genus Geositta in the ovenbird family Leaf miner , the larva of an insect that lives in and eats the leaf tissue of plants
A geologist is a scientist who studies the structure, composition, and history of Earth.Geologists incorporate techniques from physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics, and geography to perform research in the field and the laboratory.
The classic example is the "canary in the coal mine".The idea of placing a warm-blooded animal in a mine to detect carbon monoxide was first proposed by John Scott Haldane in 1895, [2] and canaries were used as early as 1896.
A surveyor, latcher, dialler or (in Scotland) engineer was responsible for taking bearings underground, plotting surveys and drawing plans; a surveyor's assistant was also called a "chainman". [2] Sylvester. A sylvester, or nanny, [6] was a ratchet device for pulling out pit props, used particularly when collapsing the roof during longwall mining.