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Babel is a free and open-source JavaScript transcompiler that is mainly used to convert ECMAScript 2015+ (ES6+) code into backwards-compatible JavaScript code that can be run by older JavaScript engines. It allows web developers to take advantage of the newest features of the language.
The project gets its name from the animal on the cover of the JavaScript book from O'Reilly Media. [2] As of version 1.80 (January 2025), Rhino supports Java 11 and up, and supports a number of ECMAScript ES6/ES2015 features. [3]
An ECMAScript engine is a software platform that can run code written in ECMAScript, a programming language more commonly known as JavaScript. More formally, an ECMAScript engine is, at least in part, a "conforming implementation" of the ECMAScript programming language specified by the ECMA-262 international standard.
Transpilation is a source-to-source compilation in which newer versions of JavaScript are used, and a transpiler rewrites the source code so that it is supported by older browsers. Usually, transpilers transpile down to ES3 to maintain compatibility with all versions of browsers.
The 6th edition, ECMAScript 6 (ES6) and later renamed to ECMAScript 2015, was finalized in June 2015. [ 4 ] [ 30 ] This update adds significant new syntax for writing complex applications, including class declarations ( class Foo { ...
The other major module specification in use is the ECMAScript (ES) modules specification (ES6 modules aka ES2015 modules). [2] CommonJS can be recognized by the use of the require() function and module.exports , while ES modules use import and export statements for similar (though not identical) functionality.
The Closure Compiler is a tool that attempts to compress and optimize JavaScript code, at the expense of human readability. Unlike an actual compiler, it does not compile from JavaScript to machine code but rather minifies JavaScript. The process executes the following steps: Parses the submitted JavaScript; Analyzes the JavaScript; Removes any ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 8 February 2025. High-level programming language Not to be confused with Java (programming language), Javanese script, or ECMAScript. JavaScript Screenshot of JavaScript source code Paradigm Multi-paradigm: event-driven, functional, imperative, procedural, object-oriented Designed by Brendan Eich of ...