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On 24 July 1861, General James Wolfe Ripley of the U.S. Army ordered 300 wrought iron rifled cannons from Phoenix Iron Works. The U.S. Ordnance Department designed a gun that eliminated all decorations so that the gun barrel consisted of a "blended sweeping curve". The cost was between $330 [3] and $350 per gun. [4]
This meant that a smaller gunpowder charge could hurl a rifled projectile farther, but it also meant that the gun barrel was subjected to greater stress. [1] Bronze cannons rarely burst because the metal was more ductile. Cast iron was stronger than bronze, but it was also more brittle. This made cast-iron guns more prone to burst at the breech ...
The Chinese were also the first to master cast-iron cannon barrels, and used the technology to make the earliest infantry firearms — the hand cannons. Early European guns were made of wrought iron, usually with several strengthening bands of the metal wrapped around circular wrought iron rings and then welded into a hollow cylinder. [3]
Cast iron improved the accuracy of the gun, but was brittle enough to suffer fractures. On the Parrott, a large reinforcing band made of tougher wrought iron was overlaid on the breech. The Parrott, while accurate, had a poor reputation for safety, and it was shunned by many artillerymen. The 20-pounder was the largest field gun used during the ...
By the 16th century, cannons were made in a great variety of lengths and bore diameters, but the general rule was that the longer the barrel, the longer the range. Some cannons made during this time had barrels exceeding 10 ft (3.0 m) in length, and could weigh up to 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg).
However, cast-iron cannon have a tendency to burst without having shown any previous weakness or wear, and this makes them more dangerous to operate. The older and more-stable forms of cannon were muzzle-loading as opposed to breech-loading —to be used they had to have their ordnance packed down the bore through the muzzle rather than ...
From 1820 to 1840, American cannon founders made cast iron 6-pounders that were less reliable than guns used in the War of 1812. [4] In 1824, the Fort Pitt Foundry delivered 74 cast-iron 6-pounder guns out of an order of 100. [5] A second order of 100 cast-iron 6-pounders was delivered in 1828–1830 and at least 10 were rejected.
A carronade is a short, smoothbore, cast-iron cannon which was used by the Royal Navy. It was first produced by the Carron Company, an ironworks in Falkirk, Scotland, and was used from the mid-18th century to the mid-19th century. Its main function was to serve as a powerful, short-range, anti-ship and anti-crew weapon. [1]
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