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A unit injector (UI) is a high-pressure integrated direct fuel injection system for diesel engines, combining the injector nozzle and the injection pump in a single component. The plunger pump used is usually driven by a shared camshaft. In a unit injector, the device is typically lubricated and cooled by the fuel itself.
The 1994.5 to 1996/97 DI Power Stroke has "single shot" HEUI (hydraulically actuated electronic unit injection) fuel injectors which were AA code injectors unless from California where as they received AB code injectors. It ran a high pressure oil pump (HPOP) to create the necessary oil pressure to fire the fuel injectors.
Common rail fuel system on a Volvo truck engine. In 1916 Vickers pioneered the use of mechanical common rail systems in G-class submarine engines. For every 90° of rotation, four plunger pumps allowed a constant injection pressure of 3,000 pounds per square inch (210 bar; 21 MPa), with fuel delivery to individual cylinders being shut off by valves in the injector lines. [1]
An electronically controlled unit injector (EUI) sometimes referred to as a mechanical electronic unit injector (MEUI) is a unit injector (UI) with electronic control. It performs the same function as a conventional unit injector in an internal combustion engine , such as in an on-road or off-road vehicle or a diesel-electric locomotive .
The injector is located in the combustion chamber, inlet manifold or – less commonly – the throttle body. Fuel injectors which also control the metering are called injection valves, while injectors that perform all three functions are called unit injectors.
TDI engines using common rail fuel injection (using piezoelectric fuel injectors) were introduced with the Volkswagen Group 32v TDI V8 engine used in the 1999 Audi A8 3.3 TDI Quattro, two years after the 1997 Alfa Romeo 156 2.4-L JTD became the first passenger car to use common rail injection.
Mechanical fuel injection, 'K' stands for German: "Kontinuierlich", meaning continuous.Commonly called 'Continuous Injection System (CIS) in the USA. K-Jetronic is different from pulsed injection systems in that the fuel flows continuously from all injectors, while the fuel pump pressurises the fuel up to approximately 5 bar (73.5 psi).
The pintle injector is a type of propellant injector for a bipropellant rocket engine. Like any other injector, its purpose is to ensure appropriate flow rate and intermixing of the propellants as they are forcibly injected under high pressure into the combustion chamber , so that an efficient and controlled combustion process can happen.