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  2. Callable bond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callable_bond

    By issuing numerous callable bonds, they have a natural hedge, as they can then call their own issues and refinance at a lower rate. The price behaviour of a callable bond is the opposite of that of puttable bond. Since call option and put option are not mutually exclusive, a bond may have both options embedded. [3]

  3. Option-adjusted spread - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Option-adjusted_spread

    This difference in convexity can also be used to explain the price differential from an MBS to a Treasury bond. However, the OAS figure is usually preferred. The discussion of the "negative convexity" and "option cost" of a bond is essentially a discussion of a single MBS feature (rate-dependent cash flows) measured in different ways.

  4. What Are Callable Bonds? How They Work and How To Invest - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/callable-bonds-161308719.html

    Since the call price for callable bonds is capped at the time the bond is issued, there is limited potential for the bond to appreciate in value. ... you can calculate the yield to call. The bond ...

  5. Bond valuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_valuation

    Duration is a linear measure of how the price of a bond changes in response to interest rate changes. It is approximately equal to the percentage change in price for a given change in yield, and may be thought of as the elasticity of the bond's price with respect to discount rates. For example, for small interest rate changes, the duration is ...

  6. Yield to maturity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yield_to_maturity

    With 20 years remaining to maturity, the price of the bond will be 100/1.07 20, or $25.84. Even though the yield-to-maturity for the remaining life of the bond is just 7%, and the yield-to-maturity bargained for when the bond was purchased was only 10%, the annualized return earned over the first 10 years is 16.25%.

  7. Lattice model (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lattice_model_(finance)

    Construct a corresponding tree of bond-prices, where the underlying bond is valued at each node by "backwards induction": at its final nodes, bond value is simply face value (or $1), plus coupon (in cents) if relevant; if the bond-date and tree-date do not coincide, these are then discounted to the start of the time-step using the node-specific ...

  8. Monte Carlo methods for option pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_methods_for...

    For example, for bond options [3] the underlying is a bond, but the source of uncertainty is the annualized interest rate (i.e. the short rate). Here, for each randomly generated yield curve we observe a different resultant bond price on the option's exercise date; this bond price is then the input for the determination of the option's payoff.

  9. Embedded option - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embedded_option

    For bonds here, there are two main approaches, as follows. [2] Other securities with embedded derivatives are priced similarly. Depending on the type of option, the option price , as calculated using the Black–Scholes ( or other ) model, is either added to or subtracted from the price of the "straight" bond (i.e. as if it had no optionality ...