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Urolithin A is a metabolite compound resulting from the transformation of ellagitannins by the gut bacteria. [1] It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzo- coumarins or dibenzo-α- pyrones .
Chemical structure of urolithin A.. Urolithins are microflora metabolites of dietary ellagic acid derivatives, such as ellagitannins. [1] They are produced in the gut, and found in the urine in the form of urolithin B glucuronide after absorption of ellagitannins-containing foods, such as pomegranate. [2]
Cod liver oil, a potentially toxic source of vitamin A. Hypervitaminosis A can result from ingestion of too much vitamin A from diet, supplements, or prescription medications. Hypervitaminosis A results from excessive intake of preformed vitamin A. Genetic variations in tolerance to vitamin A intake may occur, so the toxic dose will not be the ...
An elimination diet, also known as exclusion diet, is a diagnostic procedure used to identify foods that an individual cannot consume without adverse effects. [1] Adverse effects may be due to food allergy , food intolerance , other physiological mechanisms (such as metabolic or toxins), [ 2 ] or a combination of these.
Treatment options for protein toxicity can include renal replacement therapies like hemodialysis and hemofiltration. [25] Lifestyle modifications like a diet low in protein, decreased sodium intake, and exercise can also be in incorporated as part of a treatment plan. Medications may also be prescribed depending on symptoms.
It is strictly mentioning the availability of consumer-grade urolithin A supplements and food products, implying that commercialization efforts are under way. This can be reliably stated, but can be reformulated further: "Dietary supplements and food products based on urolithin A have been announced by Amazentis and Nestlé Health Science in 2019.
Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. [1] There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.
Mitochondrial toxicity is a condition in which the mitochondria of a body's cells become damaged or decline significantly in number; it occurs as a side effect of certain antiretroviral drugs used to treat human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV.