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Senile pruritus is one of the most common conditions in the elderly or people over 65 years of age with an emerging itch that may be accompanied with changes in temperature and textural characteristics. [1] [2] [3] In the elderly, xerosis, is the most common cause for an itch due to the degradation of the skin barrier over time. [4]
Xeroderma, xerosis or xerosis cutis, or simply dry skin, is a skin condition characterized by excessively dry skin. [2] The term derives from Greek ξηρός (xeros) 'dry' and δέρμα (derma) 'skin'. In most cases, dry skin can safely be treated with moisturizers (also called emollients).
Xerosis is a contributing factor to pruritus and is present in 50–85% of patients with uremic pruritus. [16] Many studies have shown that emollients such as glycerol and paraffin, [17] physiological lipids, [18] 10% urea and dexpanthenol, [19] and baby oil [20] can reduce xerosis and pruritus in patients with uremic pruritus.
Appearance of C. xerosis colonies on blood agar. Corynebacterium xerosis is a gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium in the genus Corynebacterium.Although it is frequently a harmless commensal organism living on the skin and in the mucous membranes, C. xerosis is also a clinically relevant opportunistic pathogen that has been attributed to many different infections in animals and humans.
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. [1] The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin. [3]
seek treatment during middle-age, although PN can occur at any age. have a history of chronic severe pruritus. have a significant medical history for unrelated conditions. develop liver or kidney dysfunctions. develop secondary skin infections. have a personal or family history of atopic dermatitis. have other autoimmune disorders.
It is also injected into lesions to treat inflammation in some parts of the body, particularly the skin. In nasal spray form, it is used to treat allergic rhinitis. It is used for the treatment of macular edema associated with uveitis. [11] It is a more potent derivative of triamcinolone, and is about eight times as potent as prednisone. [14]
One series of 300 patients with Grover's disease reported an association with other coexisting dermatoses including atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and xerosis cutis. [6] More recent reports have indicated a connection with the Pfizer vaccine for Covid-19 [7] and as a presenting symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection itself. [8]