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Surveyor 3 on the Moon. The first image returned by Luna 3 showed the far side of the Moon. This is a list of robotic space probes that have flown by, impacted, orbited or landed on the Moon for the purpose of lunar exploration, as well as probes launched toward the Moon that failed to reach their target.
Data gathered by Chang'e 1 was used to create an accurate and high resolution 3-D map of the lunar surface. [9] Chang'e 1 was the first lunar probe to conduct passive, multi-channel, microwave remote sensing of the Moon by using a microwave radiometer. [10] Its sister orbital probe Chang'e 2 was launched on 1 October 2010. [11]
The Luna programme was the first successful lunar programme, its Luna 1 (1959) being the first partially successful lunar mission The first image taken of the far side of the Moon, returned by Luna 3 (1959) Missions to the Moon have been numerous and include some of the earliest space missions, conducting exploration of the Moon since 1959.
The Apollo 12 Lunar Module Intrepid prepares to descend towards the surface of the Moon. 1969 NASA photo by Richard F. Gordon Jr.. The physical exploration of the Moon began when Luna 2, a space probe launched by the Soviet Union, made a deliberate impact on the surface of the Moon on September 14, 1959.
Luna 9 (E-6 No.13) became the first probe to achieve a soft landing on another planetary body in February 1966. It transmitted five black and white stereoscopic circular panoramas, which were the first close-up shots of the lunar surface. [8]
: Dream), E-1 No.4 and First Lunar Rover, [4] was the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of Earth's Moon, the first spacecraft to leave Earth's orbit, and the first to be placed in heliocentric orbit. Intended as a Moon impactor, Luna 1 was launched as part of the Soviet Luna programme in 1959.
Chang’e-6, the first mission to bring back soil from the moon’s far side, collected 1.9 kilograms (4.2 pounds) of lunar soil via a robotic probe in June before returning to Earth, a scientific ...
Atmospheric drag lowered the velocity by 1.712 m/s and the apogee altitude by 8665 km. [8] This was the first aerobraking maneuver by a deep space probe. [9]: 2 After the ninth lunar swing-by and second aerobraking maneuver on March 30, 1991, the primary mission of the probe was concluded.