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A guaranteed maximum price (also known as GMP, not-to-exceed price, NTE, or NTX) contract is a cost-type contract (also known as an open-book contract) such that the contractor is compensated for actual costs incurred plus a fixed fee, which is limited to a maximum price. The contractor is responsible for cost overruns greater than the ...
Current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) are those conforming to the guidelines recommended by relevant agencies. Those agencies control the authorization and licensing of the manufacture and sale of food and beverages , [ 1 ] cosmetics , [ 2 ] pharmaceutical products , [ 3 ] dietary supplements , [ 4 ] and medical devices . [ 5 ]
Good manufacturing practice (GMP) Best practice; American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) European Medicines Agency (EMEA) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan) Pharmaceutical Inspection Convention and Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation ...
The construction documents will also play a major role in estimating. [3] Pre-construction services grew out of construction cost estimating to encompass the other activities in planning a project. [4] The intent is to work with the project's owner to help deliver a satisfactory project that meets the owner's objectives.
Obtaining construction loans are easier with this type of contract. [9] [8] The profit margins and percentages are greater for engineers and contractors. [8] [9] Payments and instalments are made on regular basis which provides the contractor with a reliable cash flow. [8] [9] Management of the contract is a lot easier for the owner. [8] [9]
Frank B. Gilbreth, one of the early developers of industrial engineering, used "cost-plus-a-fixed sum" contracts for his building contracting business. [2] He described this method in an article in Industrial Magazine in 1907, comparing it to fixed price and guaranteed maximum price methods.
A cost plus contract states that a client agrees to reimburse a construction company for building expenses such as labor, materials, and other costs, plus additional payment usually stated as a percentage of the contract's full price. This type of construction contract is an alternative to lump sum agreements.
As with GMP, operating within this flexibility, it is the responsibility of each manufacturer to establish requirements for each type or family of devices that will result in devices that are safe and effective, and to establish methods and procedures to design, produce, and distribute devices that meet the quality system requirements.