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However, asci in some genera or species can occur in numbers of one (e.g. Monosporascus cannonballus), two, four, or multiples of four. In a few cases, the ascospores can bud off conidia that may fill the asci (e.g. Tympanis ) with hundreds of conidia, or the ascospores may fragment, e.g. some Cordyceps , also filling the asci with smaller cells.
Naked asci: these occur in simple ascomycetes; asci are produced on the organism's surface. Perithecia: Asci are in flask-shaped ascoma (perithecium) with a pore (ostiole) at the top. Cleistothecia: The ascocarp (a cleistothecium) is spherical and closed. Apothecia: The asci are in a bowl shaped ascoma (apothecium). These are sometimes called ...
A mature perithecium may contain as many as 300 asci, each derived from identical fusion diploid nuclei. Ordinarily, in nature, when the perithecia mature the ascospores are ejected rather violently into the air. These ascospores are heat resistant and, in the lab, require heating at 60 °C for 30 minutes to induce germination.
The bitunicate asci are thick-walled, with an outer and inner layer. The outer and inner layer of the ascus wall are called exotunica and endotunica, and they separate during ascospore release. [6] The asci usually contains eight ascospores, while the shape and separation of the ascospores are more variating. [13]
As an ascomycete, Ceratocystis coerulescens produces ascospores encased as groups of eight in asci. The asci are protected by a perithecium, a flask-shaped ascocarp, in which the pathogen overwinters. Ascospores are the sexual spores and are far less common than the asexual spores known as conidia.
The fruiting body of an ascomycete fungus, containing the asci and ascospores. [48] ascoconidium Plural ascoconidia. A conidium that is formed directly from an ascospore. [49] ascogenous Also ascogenic. Producing or supporting the growth of an ascus. [47] ascolichen A lichen in which the fungal partner (the mycobiont) is a member of the Ascomycota.
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The paraphyses are abundant, hyaline (transparent or glass-like), persistent. The asci are 8-spored, unitunicate, pedicellate, persistent, with a J+ or J−, apical ring. Ascospores hyaline, multi-septate, often guttulate, lacking any mucilaginous sheath or appendages. The asexual morph was undetermined (as of March 2021). [10]