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The First-tier Tribunal is a first-instance general tribunal in the United Kingdom. It was created in 2008 as part of a programme, enacted in the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 , to rationalise the tribunal system, and has since taken on the functions of 20 previously existing tribunals.
Scotland has upper and first-tier tribunals, which mirror the UK-wide system (though their remits differ). The Upper Tribunal for Scotland acts as an appeal tribunal equivalent to the Outer House, whilst the First-tier Tribunal for Scotland hears cases at first instance or on appeal from local authorities.
It appeals to the Upper Tribunal, which is a senior court of record. From the Upper Tribunal, there is a right of appeal to the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, Court of Appeal of Northern Ireland, or Court of Session if in Scotland. [15] Together, the First-Tier Tribunal and the Upper Tribunal may be known as the 'two-tier system'. [16]
The Upper Tribunal will be a senior court of record. There is a right of appeal to the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland or Court of Session (Scotland) (s. 13). [13] The first chambers within the First-tier Tribunal were planned to start sitting on 3 November 2008. [8]
The UK-wide First-tier Tribunal exercises many similar functions to the First-tier Tribunal for Scotland, although the two are entirely separate.. Decisions made by UK Government bodies are only by heard by the UK-wide FTT, for instance benefits awarded by the Department for Work and Pensions, [12] whilst decisions made by Scottish Government bodies are only heard by the FtTfS.
The agency is responsible for the administration of all chambers of the First-tier Tribunal and Upper Tribunal, together with the employment tribunals and certain other tribunals which the Tribunals Service was responsible for serving, such as the Special Immigration Appeals Commission and Proscribed Organisations Appeal Commission.
The composition of the Tribunal will depend on from which First-tier Chamber it is hearing an appeal from. For instance: [4] Housing and Property Chamber appeals can be heard by a single sheriff; Tax chamber appeals can be heard by a single legal member; It may share members with the First-tier Tribunal for Scotland. [6]
Its tribunals were replaced by the First-tier Tribunal from 1 July 2013, [2] by the Transfer of Tribunal Functions Order 2013. [3] As such the RPTS's functions passed to His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service. [4] The tribunals which formed part of the RPTS are: Rent assessment committees; Leasehold valuation tribunals; Residential property ...