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Since XA uses two-phase commit, the advantages and disadvantages of that protocol generally apply to XA. The main advantage is that XA (using 2PC) allows an atomic transaction across multiple heterogeneous technologies (e.g. a single transaction could encompass multiple databases from different vendors as well as an email server and a message broker), whereas traditional database transactions ...
The coordinator sends a rollback message to all the participants. Each participant undoes the transaction using the undo log, and releases the resources and locks held during the transaction. Each participant sends an acknowledgement to the coordinator. The coordinator undoes the transaction when all acknowledgements have been received.
Theory for nested transactions is similar to the theory for flat transactions. [2] The banking industry usually processes financial transactions using open nested transactions, [citation needed] which is a looser variant of the nested transaction model that provides higher performance while accepting the accompanying trade-offs of inconsistency ...
This would close the option transaction, so the broker or the online software instruction would be “sell to close.” An investor can also exercise the option, meaning they buy or sell the stock ...
Validate: Check whether other transactions have modified data that this transaction has used (read or written). This includes transactions that completed after this transaction's start time, and optionally, transactions that are still active at validation time. Commit/Rollback: If there is no conflict, make all changes take effect. If there is ...
Reinsurance to close (RITC) is a business transaction whereby the estimated future liabilities of an insurance company are reinsured into another, ...
In "Composable Memory Transactions", [6] the authors decided that this should abort the transaction, since exceptions normally indicate unexpected errors in Concurrent Haskell, but that the exception could retain information allocated by and read during the transaction for diagnostic purposes. They stress that other design decisions may be ...
Cascading aborts occur when one transaction's abort causes another transaction to abort because it read and relied on the first transaction's changes to an object. A dirty read occurs when a transaction reads data from uncommitted write in another transaction. [9] The following examples are the same as the ones in the discussion on recoverable: