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  2. Chromosome regions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_regions

    The largest regions on each chromosome are the short arm p and the long arm q, separated by a narrow region near the center called the centromere. [1] Other specific regions have also been defined, some of which are similarly found on every chromosome, while others are only present in certain chromosomes. Named regions include: Arms (p and q ...

  3. Chromosome territories - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_territories

    The 23 human chromosome territories during prometaphase in fibroblast cells In cell biology , chromosome territories are regions of the nucleus preferentially occupied by particular chromosomes . Interphase chromosomes are long DNA strands that are extensively folded, and are often described as appearing like a bowl of spaghetti .

  4. Nuclear organization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_Organization

    The organization of chromosomes into distinct regions within the nucleus was first proposed in 1885 by Carl Rabl.Later in 1909, with the help of the microscopy technology at the time, Theodor Boveri coined the termed chromosome territories after observing that chromosomes occupy individually distinct nuclear regions. [6]

  5. Chromatid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatid

    Once the paired sister chromatids have separated from one another (in the anaphase of mitosis) each is known as a daughter chromosome. The short arm of the right chromatid (3), and the long arm of the right chromatid (4), are also marked. Schematic karyogram of the human chromosomes, showing their usual state in the G 0 and G 1 phase of the ...

  6. Centromere - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centromere

    The physical role of the centromere is to act as the site of assembly of the kinetochores – a highly complex multiprotein structure that is responsible for the actual events of chromosome segregation – i.e. binding microtubules and signaling to the cell cycle machinery when all chromosomes have adopted correct attachments to the spindle, so ...

  7. Chromosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 12 January 2025. DNA molecule containing genetic material of a cell This article is about the DNA molecule. For the genetic algorithm, see Chromosome (genetic algorithm). Chromosome (10 7 - 10 10 bp) DNA Gene (10 3 - 10 6 bp) Function A chromosome and its packaged long strand of DNA unraveled. The DNA's ...

  8. Chromatin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin

    These regions often correspond to promoter regions of genes that were active in that cell type prior to chromatin formation. The lack of compaction of these regions is called bookmarking , which is an epigenetic mechanism believed to be important for transmitting to daughter cells the "memory" of which genes were active prior to entry into ...

  9. Insulated neighborhood - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulated_neighborhood

    In mammalian biology, insulated neighborhoods are chromosomal loop structures formed by the physical interaction of two DNA loci bound by the transcription factor CTCF and co-occupied by cohesin. [1] Insulated neighborhoods are thought to be structural and functional units of gene control because their integrity is important for normal gene ...

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