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The ability of the immune system to recognize molecules that are broadly shared by pathogens is, in part, due to the presence of immune receptors called toll-like receptors (TLRs) that are expressed on the membranes of leukocytes including dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, cells of the adaptive immunity T cells, and B cells, and non-immune cells (epithelial and endothelial ...
Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that form the cornerstone of the innate immune system. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] TLR1 recognizes bacterial lipoproteins and glycolipids in complex with TLR2 .
TLR4 belongs to the toll-like receptor family which is representative of the pattern recognition receptors (PRR), so named for their ability to recognize evolutionarily conserved components of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites) called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The recognition of a PAMP by a PRR ...
Cluster of differentiation CD14 is a receptor for a very wide range of microbial products including lipopolysaccharide (released from Gram-negative bacteria), peptidoglycans, and lipoteichoic acid (constituents of Gram-positive bacteria). [12] Signaling pathway of toll-like receptors. Dashed grey lines represent unknown associations
54106 81897 Ensembl ENSG00000239732 ENSMUSG00000045322 UniProt Q9NR96 Q9EQU3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_138688 NM_017442 NM_031178 RefSeq (protein) NP_059138 NP_112455 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 52.22 – 52.23 Mb Chr 9: 106.1 – 106.1 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Toll-like receptor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR9 gene. TLR9 has also been designated as ...
Toll-like receptor 7, also known as TLR7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR7 gene. Orthologs are found in mammals and birds. [ 5 ] It is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family and detects single stranded RNA.
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Toll-like receptor 2 also known as TLR2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR2 gene. [5] TLR2 has also been designated as CD282 ( cluster of differentiation 282). TLR2 is one of the toll-like receptors and plays a role in the immune system .