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The aortic wall dilatation at the commissural level causes the cusps to effectively shorten and prevent them from converging during systole, which results in aortic valve incompetence. The arch is typically spared from the aneurysmal process, though it may involve the entire ascending aorta. The ectatic aorta may experience dissections.
An aortic sinus, also known as a sinus of Valsalva, [1] is one of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve.These widenings are between the wall of the aorta and each of the three cusps of the aortic valve.
Aortic unfolding is an abnormality visible on a chest X-ray, that shows widening of the mediastinum which may mimic the appearance of a thoracic aortic aneurysm. [1]With aging, the ascending portion of the thoracic aorta increases in length by approximately 12% per decade, whereas the diameter increases by just 3% per decade.
The ascending aorta segment is of significant due to its susceptibility to aortic dissection, two times more than in the descending aorta. Early detection of dissection is critical because it allows for prompt intervention to prevent potentially life-threatening complications.
The hemodynamics of the aorta is an ongoing field of research in which the goal is to identify what flow patterns and subsequent forces occur within the thoracic aorta. These patterns and forces are used to identify the presence and severity of cardiovascular diseases such as aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis . [ 1 ]
Aortic root dilation is the most common cause of aortic regurgitation in developed countries. [5] Additionally, aortic regurgitation has been linked to the use of some medications, specifically medications containing fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine isomers and dopamine agonists .
The pressure and velocity measured in the ascending aorta in an elderly man. Wave intensity analysis [1] provides a method to calculate the properties of arterial waves that give rise to arterial blood pressure, based on measurements of pressure, P, and velocity, U, waveforms (Figure 1). Wave intensity analysis is applicable to the evaluation ...
The characteristic bulging of the sign is caused by dilatation of the aorta due to an indrawing of the aortic wall at the site of cervical rib obstruction, with consequent poststenotic dilatation. This physiology results in the '3' image for which the sign is named. [9] [10] [11] When the esophagus is filled with barium, a reverse 3 or E sign ...