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Vapor-compression refrigeration [6] For comparison, a simple stylized diagram of a heat pump's vapor-compression refrigeration cycle: 1) condenser, 2) expansion valve, 3) evaporator, 4) compressor (Note that this diagram is flipped vertically and horizontally compared to the previous one) [7] Temperature–entropy diagram of the vapor-compression cycle.
A thermal expansion valve or thermostatic expansion valve (often abbreviated as TEV, TXV, or TX valve) is a component in vapor-compression refrigeration and air conditioning systems that controls the amount of refrigerant released into the evaporator and is intended to regulate the superheat of the refrigerant that flows out of the evaporator ...
The expansion valve partially vaporizes the refrigerant cooling it via evaporative cooling and the resulting vapor is cooled via expansive cooling. (This is a combination of Joule-Thomson cooling and work done by the expanding gas, both at the expense of the internal energy of the gas) The cold, low pressure liquid refrigerant will now absorb ...
The absorption cycle is the one limiting the choice of the refrigerant. The most common refrigerants for absorption systems are ammonia and water. [13] Both are good for combined absorption-compression heat pumps. [14] [15] Ammonia has an exceptionally good solubility in water. This is an important aspect that increases the performance and ...
In the evaporator and condenser, the phase change of pure ammonia is used to complete the external absorption or heat release. [4] Like a traditional heat pump, the refrigerant (ammonia) is condensed in the condenser, and heat is then released; the pressure is dropped after the expansion unit and the refrigerant is evaporated to absorb heat.
A representative pressure–volume diagram for a refrigeration cycle. Vapour-compression refrigeration or vapor-compression refrigeration system (VCRS), [1] in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for air conditioning of buildings and automobiles.
Between points 4 and 5, the liquid refrigerant goes through the expansion valve (also called a throttle valve) where its pressure abruptly decreases, causing flash evaporation and auto-refrigeration of, typically, less than half of the liquid. That results in a mixture of liquid and vapour at a lower temperature and pressure as shown at point 5.
Subcooling is normally used so that when the refrigerant reaches the thermostatic expansion valve, all of it is in its liquid form, thus allowing the valve to work properly. If gas reaches the expansion valve a series of unwanted phenomena may occur. [3]
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