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But in 1860, he was attacked as not abolitionist enough: Wendell Phillips charged that, if elected, Lincoln would waste four years trying to decide whether to end slavery in the District of Columbia. [4] Many abolitionists emphasized the sinfulness of slave owners, but Lincoln did not. [5] Lincoln tended not to be judgmental.
Thus pressed, Lincoln staked a large part of his 1864 presidential campaign on a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery throughout the United States. Lincoln's campaign was bolstered by votes in both Maryland and Missouri to abolish slavery in those states. Maryland's new constitution abolishing slavery took effect on November 1, 1864. [135]
On January 11, 1865, a state convention approved an ordinance abolishing slavery in Missouri by a vote of 60–4, [6] and later the same day, Governor Thomas C. Fletcher followed up with his own "Proclamation of Freedom". [7] This action effectively marked the end of legal slavery in the state of Missouri.
On Jan. 1, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation—but despite popular cultural opinion, it did not actually end slavery in the United States.
Missouri was initially settled predominantly by Southerners, who traveled up the Mississippi River.Many brought slaves with them. Missouri entered the Union in 1821 as a slave state following the Missouri Compromise of 1820, in which Congress agreed that slavery would be illegal in all territory north of 36°30' latitude, except Missouri.
The border states of Maryland (November 1, 1864) [46] and Missouri (January 11, 1865) [47] abolished slavery before the war's end. The Union-occupied state of Tennessee abolished slavery by popular vote on a constitutional amendment that took effect February 22, 1865.
The border states of Maryland (November 1864) [11] and Missouri (January 1865), [12] and the Union-occupied Confederate state, Tennessee (January 1865), [13] all abolished slavery prior to the end of the Civil War, as did the new state of West Virginia (February 1865), [14] which had separated from Virginia in 1863 over the issue of slavery.
Copperheads criticized Lincoln for refusing to compromise on slavery. The Radical Republicans criticized him for moving too slowly in abolishing slavery. [213] On August 6, 1861, Lincoln signed the Confiscation Act of 1861, which authorized judicial proceedings to confiscate and free slaves who were used to support the Confederates. The law had ...