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In physics, Hooke's law is an empirical law which states that the force (F) needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance (x) scales linearly with respect to that distance—that is, F s = kx, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring (i.e., its stiffness), and x is small compared to the total possible deformation of the spring.
Cauchy's functional equation is the functional equation: (+) = + (). A function that solves this equation is called an additive function.Over the rational numbers, it can be shown using elementary algebra that there is a single family of solutions, namely : for any rational constant .
One method of solving elementary functional equations is substitution. [citation needed] Some solutions to functional equations have exploited surjectivity, injectivity, oddness, and evenness. [citation needed] Some functional equations have been solved with the use of ansatzes, mathematical induction. [citation needed]
Classic model used for deriving the equations of a mass spring damper model. The mass-spring-damper model consists of discrete mass nodes distributed throughout an object and interconnected via a network of springs and dampers.
In mathematics, the annihilator method is a procedure used to find a particular solution to certain types of non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations (ODEs). [1] It is similar to the method of undetermined coefficients, but instead of guessing the particular solution in the method of undetermined coefficients, the particular solution is determined systematically in this technique.
So now as long as h(y) ≠ 0, we can rearrange terms to obtain: = (), where the two variables x and y have been separated. Note dx (and dy) can be viewed, at a simple level, as just a convenient notation, which provides a handy mnemonic aid for assisting with manipulations.
where Z k are pairwise uncorrelated random variables and the functions e k are continuous real-valued functions on [a, b] that are pairwise orthogonal in L 2 ([a, b]). It is therefore sometimes said that the expansion is bi-orthogonal since the random coefficients Z k are orthogonal in the probability space while the deterministic functions e k ...
However, having all determinants zero does not imply that the system is indeterminate. A simple example where all determinants vanish (equal zero) but the system is still incompatible is the 3×3 system x+y+z=1, x+y+z=2, x+y+z=3.