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Nanotubes were observed in 1991 in the carbon soot of graphite electrodes during an arc discharge, by using a current of 100 amps, that was intended to produce fullerenes. [2] However the first macroscopic production of carbon nanotubes was made in 1992 by two researchers at NEC's Fundamental Research Laboratory. [3]
A carbon nanotube (CNT) is a tube made of carbon with a diameter in the nanometre range . They are one of the allotropes of carbon. Two broad classes of carbon nanotubes are recognized: Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have diameters around 0.5–2.0 nanometres, about 100,000
A nanotube is a nanoscale cylindrical structure with a hollow core, typically composed of carbon atoms, though other materials can also form nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most well-known and widely studied type, consisting of rolled-up sheets of graphene with diameters ranging from about 1 to tens of nanometers and lengths up to ...
Single wall carbon nanotubes as light harvesting media [ edit ] Single wall carbon nanotubes possess a wide range of direct bandgaps matching the solar spectrum , strong photoabsorption, from infrared to ultraviolet , and high carrier mobility and reduced carrier transport scattering, which make themselves ideal photovoltaic material.
Current areas of focus of nanotechnology development in the agricultural industry include development of environmentally conscious nano fertilizers to provide efficient ion, and nutrient delivery into plant cells, and plant gene transformations to produce plants with desirable genes such as drought resistance and accelerated growth cycles. [4]
One method is by passing them through the nanotubes where the molecules are oxidized; the molecules then are adsorbed on a nitrate species. Carbon nanotubes with amine groups provide numerous chemical sites for carbon dioxide adsorption at low temperature ranges of 20°-100° degrees Celsius.
Because of the high mechanical strength of carbon nanotubes, research is being made into weaving them into clothes to create stab-proof and bulletproof clothing. The nanotubes would effectively stop the bullet from penetrating the body, although the bullet's kinetic energy would likely cause broken bones and internal bleeding. [38]
Proteins have high affinity to carbon nanotubes due to their diversity of amino acids being hydrophobic or hydrophilic. [6] Polysaccharides have been successfully been used to modify carbon nanotubes forming stable hybrids. [48] To make carbon nanotubes soluble in water, phospholipids such as lysoglycerophospholipids have been used. [49]