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Copy number variation is a type of structural variation: specifically, it is a type of duplication or deletion event that affects a considerable number of base pairs. [2] Approximately two-thirds of the entire human genome may be composed of repeats [3] and 4.8–9.5% of the human genome can be classified as copy number variations. [4]
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Copy number analysis is the process of analyzing data produced by a test for DNA copy number variation in an organism's sample. One application of such analysis is the detection of chromosomal copy number variation that may cause or may increase risks of various critical disorders. [1][2] Copy number variation can be detected with various types ...
Plasmid copy number. In cellular biology, the plasmid copy number is the number of copies of a given plasmid in a cell. To ensure survival and thus the continued propagation of the plasmid, they must regulate their copy number. If a plasmid has too high of a copy number, they may excessively burden their host by occupying too much cellular ...
The term "hard copy" predates the digital computer. In the book and newspaper printing process, "hard copy" refers to a manuscript or typewritten document that has been edited and proofread and is ready for typesetting or being read on-air in a radio or television broadcast. The old meaning of hard copy was mostly discarded after the ...
Hard and soft science. Hard science and soft science are colloquial terms used to compare scientific fields on the basis of perceived methodological rigor, exactitude, and objectivity. [1][2][3] In general, the formal sciences and natural sciences are considered hard science, whereas the social sciences and other sciences are described as soft ...
HSAB theory. HSAB is an acronym for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases ". HSAB is widely used in chemistry for explaining the stability of compounds, reaction mechanisms and pathways. It assigns the terms 'hard' or 'soft', and 'acid' or 'base' to chemical species. 'Hard' applies to species which are small, have high charge states (the ...
1. An entertaining, amusing, or offbeat story used to balance a page or bulletin of otherwise serious news. [1] 2. The first sentence or first few words of a story, set in larger type than the main body text, or the first word or two of a photo caption, set in uppercase type distinct from the rest of the caption text.