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Virtual temperature. In atmospheric thermodynamics, the virtual temperature ( ) of a moist air parcel is the temperature at which a theoretical dry air parcel would have a total pressure and density equal to the moist parcel of air. [ 1] The virtual temperature of unsaturated moist air is always greater than the absolute air temperature ...
Pressure as a function of the height above the sea level. There are two equations for computing pressure as a function of height. The first equation is applicable to the atmospheric layers in which the temperature is assumed to vary with altitude at a non null lapse rate of : = [,, ()] ′, The second equation is applicable to the atmospheric layers in which the temperature is assumed not to ...
Water is a tasteless, odorless liquid at ambient temperature and pressure. Liquid water has weak absorption bands at wavelengths of around 750 nm which cause it to appear to have a blue color. [ 3] This can easily be observed in a water-filled bath or wash-basin whose lining is white.
An audio recording of lift-induced vortices heard shortly after an airliner flew over the recorder. Wingtip vortices are circular patterns of rotating air left behind a wing as it generates lift. [ 1]: 5.14 The name is a misnomer because the cores of the vortices are slightly inboard of the wing tips. [ 2]: 369 Wingtip vortices are sometimes ...
Pressure coefficient. In fluid dynamics, the pressure coefficient is a dimensionless number which describes the relative pressures throughout a flow field. The pressure coefficient is used in aerodynamics and hydrodynamics. Every point in a fluid flow field has its own unique pressure coefficient, Cp .
A simplified version of the definition is: The k v factor of a valve indicates "The water flow in m 3 /h, at a pressure drop across the valve of 1 kgf/cm 2 when the valve is completely open. The complete definition also says that the flow medium must have a density of 1000 kg/m 3 and a kinematic viscosity of 10 −6 m 2 /s , e.g. water.
The Clausius–Clapeyron relation describes a Phase transition in a closed system composed of two contiguous phases, condensed matter and ideal gas, of a single substance, in mutual thermodynamic equilibrium, at constant temperature and pressure. Therefore, [ 7]: 508. Using the appropriate Maxwell relation gives [ 7]: 508 where is the pressure.
Computational fluid dynamics ( CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to analyze and solve problems that involve fluid flows. Computers are used to perform the calculations required to simulate the free-stream flow of the fluid, and the interaction of the fluid ( liquids and gases) with surfaces ...