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Hypothyroidism is common in pregnancy with an estimated prevalence of 2-3% and 0.3-0.5% for subclinical and overt hypothyroidism respectively. [8] Endemic iodine deficiency accounts for most hypothyroidism in pregnant women worldwide while chronic autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine sufficient parts of the world.
Postpartum thyroiditis refers to thyroid dysfunction occurring in the first 12 months after pregnancy [1] and may involve hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism or the two sequentially. According to the National Institute of Health, postpartum thyroiditis affects about 8% of pregnancies. [2] There are, however, different rates reported globally.
Thyroid hormones, T4 and TSH, diffuse across the placenta traveling from the mother to fetus for 10–12 weeks before the fetus’s own thyroid gland can begin synthesizing its own thyroid hormones. [2] The mother continues to supply some T4 to the fetus even after he/she is able to synthesize his/her own.
“Superfetation is a very rare phenomenon in which a woman becomes pregnant a second time with another fetus while already pregnant with one,” says Dr. Samir Babayev, an infertility and ...
"Most of us were not educated on the fact that people may face challenges getting pregnant, that one can have a miscarriage or even what we should expect when it comes to menopause," she says.
Symptoms of hypothyroidism can include low energy, cold intolerance, muscle cramps, constipation, and memory and concentration problems. [38] It is diagnosed by the presence of elevated levels of thyroid stimulation hormone or TSH. Patients with elevated TSH and decreased levels of free thyroxine or T4 are considered to have overt hypothyroidism.
While many reproductive clinics have a BMI cut-off between 30 and 50 for IVF, “even clinics with a cut-off of 50 can have very high success rates,” she says, adding, “I would never turn away ...
Hypothyroidism (also called underactive thyroid, low thyroid or hypothyreosis) is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. [3] It can cause a number of symptoms, such as poor ability to tolerate cold , extreme fatigue, muscle aches , constipation , slow heart rate , depression , and ...