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The latter list is sometimes called the "initializer list" or "initialization list" (although the term "initializer list" is formally reserved for initialization of class/struct members in C++; see below). A declaration which creates a data object, instead of merely describing its existence, is commonly called a definition.
A class in C++ is a user-defined type or data structure declared with any of the keywords class, struct or union (the first two are collectively referred to as non-union classes) that has data and functions (also called member variables and member functions) as its members whose access is governed by the three access specifiers private, protected or public.
In C#, only C# built-in types can be declared as const; user-defined types, including classes, structs, and arrays, cannot be const. [22] Java does not have const – it instead has final, which can be applied to local "variable" declarations and applies to the identifier, not the type. It has a different object-oriented use for object members ...
Resource acquisition is initialization (RAII) [1] is a programming idiom [2] used in several object-oriented, statically typed programming languages to describe a particular language behavior. In RAII, holding a resource is a class invariant , and is tied to object lifetime .
a variable definition for variable time_keeper of class TimeKeeper, initialized with an anonymous instance of class Timer or; a function declaration for a function time_keeper that returns an object of type TimeKeeper and has a single (unnamed) parameter, whose type is a (pointer to a) function [Note 1] taking no input and returning Timer objects.
The lazy initialization technique allows us to do this in just O(m) operations, rather than spending O(m+n) operations to first initialize all array cells. The technique is simply to allocate a table V storing the pairs ( k i , v i ) in some arbitrary order, and to write for each i in the cell T [ k i ] the position in V where key k i is stored ...
Another example can be when dealing with structs. In the code snippet below, we have a struct student which contains some variables describing the information about a student. The function register_student leaks memory contents because it fails to fully initialize the members of struct student new_student.
In computer programming, a declaration is a language construct specifying identifier properties: it declares a word's (identifier's) meaning. [1] Declarations are most commonly used for functions, variables, constants, and classes, but can also be used for other entities such as enumerations and type definitions. [1]