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The Valley of Mexico at the time of the Spanish conquest in 1519 View of the Valley of Mexico from the neighborhood of San Bernabé Ocotepec, 2022. The Valley of Mexico (Spanish: Valle de México; Nahuatl languages: Anahuac, lit. 'Land Between the Waters' [1]), sometimes also called Basin of Mexico, is a highlands plateau in central Mexico.
The Valley of Mexico on the eve of the Spanish conquest of Mexico, showing the major towns within the Valley, in particular the island capital of the Aztecs, Tenochtitlan. I am self-nominating this map as a featured picture of the day.
Map of the migration from Aztlán to Chapultepec. Aztlán (from Nahuatl languages: Astatlan or romanized Aztlán, Nahuatl pronunciation: [ˈast͡ɬãːn̥] ⓘ) is the ancestral home of the Aztec peoples. The word "Aztec" was derived from the Nahuatl aztecah, meaning "people from Aztlán."
The term "Aztec empire" is actually modern and not one used by the Aztecs themselves. The Aztec realm was at its core composed of three Nahuatl-speaking city-states in the densely populated Valley of Mexico. Asymmetries of power elevated one of those city states Tenochtitlan above the other two over time.
Tezozómoc forced the Aztecs to fight with him and together conquered the city of Colhuacan in 1385. Between 1414–1418, Azcapotzalco controlled the entire Valley of Mexico, thanks to the decisive contribution of Aztec and mercenary forces and a series of careful pacts with regional people. Azcapotzalco became an economic center of enormous power.
As a result, when the Mexica arrived in the Valley of Mexico as a semi-nomadic tribe, they found most of the area already occupied. In roughly 1248, [ 2 ] they first settled on Chapultepec , a hill on the west shore of Lake Texcoco, the site of numerous springs.
The Aztecs [a] (/ ˈ æ z t ɛ k s / AZ-teks) were a Mesoamerican civilization that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521. The Aztec people included different ethnic groups of central Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to the 16th centuries.
(en) Townsend, Richard F. (1992) The Aztecs, London: Thames & Hudson, pp. 224 ISBN: 978-0500021132. (es) This picture incorporates information from La cuenca de México, special edition of Arqueología Mexicana, july-august 2007, Mexico (in particular, the Enrique Vela's maps of the pages 70 and 60, based on Sanders et al.